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Estimation of Long-Term Trends and Loads with Low-Frequency Water Quality Sampling in the Baoxiang River, One Tributary to Dianchi Lake
Na LI, Huaicheng GUO
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis    2017, 53 (2): 378-386.   DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.019
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Studies of water quality trends and pollutant loads in the Baoxiang River, a tributary to Dianchi Lake were limited by the lack of consistent data. This study evaluated long-term trends and loads using ESTREND and LOADEST with water quality data collected with low-frequency sampling and continuous daily flow data calculated by Muskingum method. Significantly increasing trends in nutrient (NH3-N, TN, and TP) concentrations were detected at the 0.05 probability level. TSS concentration showed a significant decreasing trend of 12.34 percent per year. The similar results of unadjusted and flow-adjusted concentration indicated that these trends were caused by variation in pollutant emission rather than in river discharge. Regression models within LOADEST performed very well. Most of pollutants great loaded in the wet season in comparison to the dry and normal season, due to increased transports of nonpoint source pollution. The results indicate that it is the effective way to evaluation for low-frequency sampling, and methodology can be used in other watersheds.

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